People, Locations, Episodes

Wed, 10.02.1935

Robert Lawrence, Chemist, and Astronaut born

Robert H. Lawrence, a Black astronaut, was born on this date in 1935.

He was born in Chicago and graduated from Englewood High School. In 1956, he earned a B.S. in chemistry from Bradley University and completed a doctorate in physical chemistry at Ohio State University.

He joined the Air Force and was assigned to Furstenfeldbruck AFB near Munich, Germany, where he trained pilots in the German Air Force. After that fatal accident, he recommended changing the language of instruction from English to German.

He suggested this because flying at incredible speeds left little time for pilots to translate information from the language in which it had been delivered to their native language. If they were instructed in their native language, reactions would be more automatic, permitting more rapid responses and perhaps avoiding tragedy.

Lawrence became America's first Black astronaut when the Air Force selected him for space flight training in 1966. He and his wife, Barbara Cress Lawrence, have one son, Tracey.

He died in a plane crash on December 8, 1967, at Edwards Air Force Base in California before the start of his space mission.  Robert H. Lawrence School in Chicago's Jeffrey Manor neighborhood is named in his memory.

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